External PHY 100G Port Breakout

Overview

The AS9947-36XKB (J2C+) platform supports External PHY 100G QSFP28 port breakout into 4×10G or 4×25G logical interfaces.

This feature enhances port flexibility, density, and migration support between 10G/25G/100G network environments.

Feature Characteristics

Based on PAM4 SerDes MAC connected to an external 400G Gearbox PHY.
Each 100G port uses:
MAC Side: 2 × 50G PAM4 lanes
PHY Line Side: 4 × 25G NRZ lanes
Gearbox resources are shared between adjacent 100G ports.
Paired-port behavior: Breakout on an even-numbered port automatically disables its adjacent odd-numbered port.
Example: ce4 breakout disables ce5; ce2 breakout disables ce3.
Each 400G PHY device (PHY group) hosts four 100G ports and operates at a shared VCO rate.
Speed consistency is required within the same PHY group:
Mixed 10G and 25G breakout modes are not supported in the same group.
40G mode restricts breakout-capable ports in the group to 4×10G only.
4×25G breakout cannot coexist with 40G mode in the same group.
Only one breakout mode (logical or external) can be active at a time.
FEC is not supported in 25G breakout mode. It must be disabled on the peer interface.
Hotplug support: Module type must match the configured breakout mode.

Hardware Constraints

Each breakout consumes all four NRZ lanes of the PHY line side.
Adjacent port must remain disabled when breakout is active.
PHY resources are shared across 100G ports, enforcing mode uniformity within a PHY group.

Benefits

Utilizing this port breakout offers several advantages:

Provides greater flexibility for port speed and configuration.
Increases port density by enabling multiple logical interfaces per 100G port.
Simplifies migration from 10G/25G infrastructure to 100G backbone.
Reduces downtime through runtime mode switching (no reboot required).
Optimizes resource utilization via PHY pairing logic.
Supports existing optics inventory, including DACs, AOCs, and SFPs.

Limitations

Breakout is supported only on even-numbered ports.
Paired ports cannot be active during breakout operation.
Mixed breakout speeds (10G and 25G) are not supported within the same PHY group.
FEC must be disabled when using 25G breakout mode.
Correct module type must be inserted for the configured mode to function properly.
FEC is not functional in 25G mode. The BCM driver returns a failure during FEC negotiation; therefore, FEC must be disabled on the peer interface when operating at 25G.
Port breakout on CE0 is not supported.